Important Terminologies
Here is the list of important terminologies & their meanings. These terms not only used in our routine life but we also hear them in newspapers and books. One should have knowledge about these terms.
Important Terminologies
Terminology | Meaning |
A La Mode | According to prevailing style or fashion. |
A priori | A priori knowledge is known independently of experience. A posteriori, through experience. |
Affranchise | To free from servitude, liberate from obligation or liabilities. |
Amalgamation | Blend or merge. |
Anarchism | Belief which holds that is is possible and desirable to abolish all organized government, and that mankind can live socially government and law and order agencies. |
Arbitration | Referring a dispute or matter to an impartial person. |
Armistice day | Refers to November, 11, 1918 when fighting ended in the First World Ward |
Asylum | A place of refuge |
Authoritarianism | A central and single authority rules over the entire state without caring the will of the people. It is antonyms of the democratic political system. |
Autonomy | The power of the right of self-government, especially partial self-government |
Back room | Production department of a small newspaper |
Back shop | Production department of a larger newspaper. |
Bad debt | A debt that is written off and deemed uncollectible. |
Banana Republic | A country that is political unstable. |
Bilateral | Inviting two parties to come to negotiation |
Brekki | The term used in Australia which means first meal of the day. |
Black money | Income not reported for tax purpose |
Blanket head | A headline topping all columns occupied by a certain story or department. |
Bonanza | A source of wealth |
Book value | Cash value of the assets of the company calculated at the value at which they were acquired minus the liabilities payable to those having a prior claim. |
Brain drain | Continuing loss of citizens of country of ‘high intelligence’. |
Brotege | A person who is guided and supported by an older and more experienced person. |
By-election | Election to a seat rendered vacant during the running terms of an elected person. |
Call Attention Motion | A member of the assembly calls the attention of the minister to any matter of urgent public importance. |
Call option | An option giving the taker the right but not the obligation. |
Coalition | Combination of different political groups for a specific purpose on temporary basis. |
Cold War | The term refers to the countries who are not openly fighting but do everything to weaken its opponent. |
Cheeky | The word used in Australia for dangerous behavior of any person. |
Colonial rule | When an independent country rules over a territory or an area of land that is not an integral part of it, and the people of that territory are subject to the rule of that independent country. It is referred to as colonial independent country. |
Communism | Collective ownership of property. A private property should be abolished and all things should be held in common. |
Creamy Layer | The category of the people within a reserved caste and class who are above the property line or considered rich. They are not eligible for the reservation. |
Dark Continent | The terms is used for Africa. |
Democracy | A form of government in which the supreme power is vested in the people collectively and is administered by them or by an officer appointed by them. |
Demonetization | To divest the value of money. |
Depreciation | Fall in the value of asset. |
Depression | The term is used to describe a period of persistent high unemployment stable or falling prices, very low investment and stagnation of business activity. |
Dividend | Share or profit payable to the shareholders in a joint stock. |
Fascism | In the decade of 1930s and 1940s most of the European countries were not possessed a political doctrine, on the contrary they believe in the populist ideology. They exploited the local tears and hatred. Their doctrine of governance is known as Fascism. They believe in the spirit of nationalism and strong leadership. |
Feminism | The belief that society is disadvantageous to women. |
Floor crossing | This terms is used when a member of the legislature leaves his party on whose ticket he was elected to join the ruling party or the opposition. |
Gallup Poll | It is a type of conducting public poll in which the questionnaire asked of a representative cross-section of population. |
Guerilla war | A Spanish word meaning ‘small war’. When independent small forces strike against superior forces from the rear or from the flanks and quickly disappear, it is referred to as guerilla warfare. |
Holo Caust | The term is used to describe genocide of approximately six million European Jews during World War II. |
Hot money | The money that flows into a country to take advantage of high rates of interest. |
Hyperinflation | A very rapid rate of inflation. |
Indictment | The written accusation, prepared by the crown or court, charging the defendant. |
Junta | A Spanish word meaning a group of individuals forming a government, especially after a revolution. |
Kowtow | An act of deep respect shown by kneeling and bowing so low as to have one’s head touching the ground. |
Lobbying | Influencing decisions made by legislators and officials in the government by individuals. |
Langna Franca | A language used for communication between speakers of different lingual communities. |
Lay off | A temporary suspension of employment activity. |
Mad | Mutual assured destruction |
Magna Carta | Some right and regulation conceded to modern democracy. |
Manifesto | A written public declaration of the intentions, notions and motives of a sovereign or of a leader or a political party. |
Mantra | A sound, syllable, word or group of words that are considered of capable of creating transformation. |
Matador | A bull fighter whose task is to kill the bull. |
Monarchy | Rule of a sole hereditary head in a state. |
Nazism | The political party headed by Hitler in the thirties. It refers to the national socialism. |
Nihilism | During the decade of 1860s, a large group of Russian intellectuals opposed the existing value system and principle and advocated individual freedom in all respects. |
Persona non grata | Literally means an unwelcome person. |
Portmanteau | This is blend of two or more words and their meaning into one new word. |
Premium | The amount by which a security is quoted or issued above its value. The opposite to discount. |
Proxy war | A form of limited war in which great powers avoid a direct military confrontation by furthering their national security interests and objectives. |
Recession | Showing down of economic activity over a limited period. |
Renaissance | Period from 14th to 16th century. This was cultural movement. |
Repatriation | To restore or retun people to their native land. |
Scensno | It is synthetic description of an event of series of actions and events. |
Shadow government | A government in waiting ready to take power in any time. |
Slapstick | It is a type of comedy involving exaggerated physical violence and activities which exceed the boundaries of common sense. |
Soiree | An evening party or social gathering held for particular purpose. |
Spoonerism | This is an error in speech or deliberate play on in corresponding consonant, vowels. These are slip of tongue. |
Subsidy | A payment made by the government to an economic sector to enable it to hold or reduce the price of its product to households. |
Voidable | Capable of being set-aside. |
White Paper | An authoritative report or guide that addresses issues and how to solve it. |
Wee hour | Early hours of a day. The time starts soon after midnight. |
Zero Hour | From 12-1 PM daily. |
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